第45任：特朗普：不寻常的背景

Donald Trump: Unusual

特朗普：不寻常的背景

Today we are talking about Donald Trump, the 45th U.S. president. He was elected in 2016. Because his presidency is so new, this program will not discuss his time in office.

今天我们要讨论的是唐纳德·特朗普，第45任美国总统。他于2016年当选。因为他的总统任期还很短，这个节目不会讨论他在任期间的情况。

Instead, it will discuss his early life.

相反，它将讨论他的早期生活。

And it will note a few ways that Trump’s background is unusual compared to most U.S. presidents.

并指出特朗普的背景与大多数美国总统相比有几个不同寻常之处。

Early life

早期生活

Donald Trump was born in Queens, a borough of New York City. He was the fourth child. He had two brothers and two sisters.

唐纳德·特朗普出生在纽约市的皇后区。他是家中的第四个孩子。他有两个兄弟和两个姐妹。

His mother had been born in Scotland. His father, whose relatives were German, became a successful businessman in New York.

他的母亲在苏格兰出生。他的父亲，其亲属是德国人，在纽约成为了一位成功的商人。

Donald and his two brothers helped their father in the family business. At the time, the business was called Elizabeth Trump and Son, after his grandmother and father. The work related to building, buying, and managing property.

唐纳德和他的两个兄弟帮助父亲处理家族企业。当时，企业以他的祖母和父亲的名字命名为伊丽莎白·特朗普与儿子。工作与建筑、购买和管理房地产有关。

By his own telling, young Donald often created trouble in school. So when he was 13 years old, his parents sent him to a military-style school.

根据他自己的说法，年轻的唐纳德在学校里经常惹麻烦。所以当他13岁时，父母把他送到了一所军事化管理的学校。

Donald said that, for the most part, he enjoyed the experience. Other students there remembered him as a good baseball player, as popular with girls, and as someone who wanted to succeed.

唐纳德说，在大多数情况下，他享受这种经历。其他同学记得他是一个好的棒球运动员，受女生欢迎，并渴望成功。

Trump went on to college first at Fordham University in New York, and then at the University of Pennsylvania. He earned a degree in economics.

特朗普后来先在纽约的福坦莫大学就读，然后转到宾夕法尼亚大学。他获得了经济学学位。

He was also already investing in real estate. After he graduated, Trump quickly returned to New York City and his career.

他也已经开始投资房地产。毕业后，特朗普很快返回纽约市开始他的职业生涯。

In time, he became the head of the family business. He re-named it the Trump Organization. As its president, Trump developed and put his name on luxury buildings, casinos, hotels, and golf courses around the world.

最终，他成为了家族企业的负责人。他将其改名为特朗普集团。作为总裁，特朗普在世界各地开发和以自己的名字命名豪华大楼、赌场、酒店和高尔夫球场。

Later, he became linked to the entertainment industry, too. He became a part owner of beauty pageants, hosted a television show, and wrote a book about how to succeed in business.

后来，他也与娱乐产业联系在一起。他成为选美比赛的部分所有者，主持电视节目，并写了一本关于如何取得商业成功的书。

During those years, Trump also married three times and divorced twice. The media wrote especially about his first and second marriages because he openly had a relationship with his second wife while he was married to his first.

那些年里，特朗普还结婚3次，离婚2次。媒体尤其报道了他的第一次和第二次婚姻，因为他公开地在第一任妻子在世时就与第二任妻子有关系。

In 2005, he married Melania Knauss, a former model from Slovenia. She is only the second first lady who was not born in the United States. The first was Louisa Adams, who came from Britain in 1801.

2005年，他与来自斯洛文尼亚的前模特梅拉尼娅·克纳斯结婚。她是仅有的两位不是在美国出生的第一夫人之一。第一位是1801年来自英国的路易莎·亚当斯。

All together, Trump has three sons and two daughters.

特朗普总共有3个儿子和2个女儿。

Because Trump has been a public figure for most of his life, many Americans were familiar with him before he ran for president.

由于特朗普大部分生命都是公众人物，很多美国人在他参选总统之前就熟悉他。

To some, he is linked to success in business and branding.

对一些人来说，他与商业成功和品牌联系在一起。

To others, notes journalist Jackie Calmes, he is linked to debt and legal battles.

对另一些人来说，记者杰基·卡姆斯指出，他与债务和法律纠纷联系在一起。

But, until he officially entered the 2016 campaign as a Republican candidate, few linked him to politics.

但是，在他正式作为共和党候选人进入2016年竞选之前，几乎没有人将他与政治联系起来。

Trump is unusual among past presidents in that he had never worked in the government before. Nor has Trump served in the military. Only Presidents Taylor, Grant, and Eisenhower had no past government experience; however, they had all been generals.

特朗普不同于过去的总统，因为他之前从未在政府工作过。特朗普也没有服过兵。只有泰勒、格兰特和艾森豪威尔没有政府工作经验;不过，他们都曾是将军。

During the campaign for president, other candidates spent money to buy advertising. But Trump spread his message on free television, radio and social media.

在总统竞选期间，其他候选人花钱购买广告。但特朗普通过免费的电视、电台和社交媒体传播他的信息。

Trump won the Republican nomination over 16 candidates. He went on to defeat Democratic Party nominee Hillary Clinton to win the presidency.

特朗普在16名候选人中赢得共和党提名。他继而击败民主党提名人希拉里·克林顿，赢得总统职位。

Trump was 70 years old when he was sworn in.

特朗普宣誓就职时已经70岁。

Trump was unusual in how he communicated with the public. As a president, he continued to use Twitter, now known as X, to communicate his thoughts directly to anyone who wanted to follow him.

特朗普与公众沟通的方式与众不同。作为总统，他继续使用推特与希望关注他的任何人直接交流自己的想法。

Many earlier presidents also used changes in technology to interact with the public. Woodrow Wilson was the first to hold press conferences regularly with reporters. Franklin Roosevelt famously spoke to Americans on the radio. John F. Kennedy – and later Richard Nixon – are credited with using television to their advantage.

许多早期总统也利用技术变革与公众互动。伍德罗·威尔逊是第一个定期与记者举行新闻发布会的人。富兰克林·罗斯福通过电台与美国人交流已广为人知。约翰·肯尼迪和后来的理查德·尼克松被认为善于利用电视发挥优势。

While the long-term effects of Trump’s presidency are not yet known, he will likely be remembered in part for his direct and unscripted style of communication.

虽然特朗普总统任期的长期影响还不得而知，但他可能会因直接、即兴的沟通风格而为人所记。